Administrative adjudication; judicial review; administrative courts; legal remedies; rule of law; Hungarian legal history

Administrative adjudication is not unknown in Hungarian history. From the end of the 19th century until the middle of the 20th century, administrative courts, separate from the ordinary courts, exercised judicial control over the public administration. After the socialist takeover, the administrative courts were abolished and judicial control was relegated to the background, with judicial review, limited to an extremely narrow circle, being carried out by the ordinary courts. After the change of regime, with the rule of law coming to the fore, judicial redress became more prominent again and the idea of setting up administrative courts was again raised, but concrete steps in this direction had to wait until the mid-2010s. After lengthy legislative and constitutional work, the constitutional and legislative basis for the establishment of administrative courts was created by 2018, but as a result of EU and international pressure, they were not established.

KOZÁK, BETTINA