Human Rights, Equality & Minority Protection
A Brief Critical Analysis of the Application of the Doctrine of Self-Determination...
Self-determination; Iraqi Kurds; secession; territorial integrity; federalism; statehood
The article examines whether Iraqi Kurds possess a legal right to self-determination or unilateral independence under international and Iraqi constitutional law. It concludes that the Kurdish Region already enjoys extensive internal self-determination, although a unilateral declaration of independence would not necessarily violate international law.
ZEBARI, DILDAR FRZENDA ZUBER
The Legal Status of Personnel in Multinational Peace Operations with Special Regard to Sexual...
Peacekeeping personnel; sexual exploitation and abuse; jurisdictional immunity; international responsibility; United Nations; criminal accountability
The article examines the differing legal status, jurisdictional immunities, and accountability regimes applicable to military and civilian personnel in United Nations peace operations. It identifies obstacles to prosecuting sexual exploitation and abuse and recommends stronger investigation, reporting, cooperation, and enforcement mechanisms.
HÁRS, ANDRÁS
The Theoretical and Practical Questions of the Crime of Sexual Exploitation...
Sexual exploitation; sexual self-determination; consent; sexual violence; Hungarian criminal law; legal certainty
The article analyses the statutory definition and practical application of sexual exploitation under the 2012 Hungarian Criminal Code. It identifies uncertainty in distinguishing sexual exploitation from sexual violence and proposes clearer legislation to ensure consent-based protection and legal certainty.
NAGY, ALEXANDRA
Conditional Release and Real Life Imprisonment
Whole-life imprisonment; conditional release; presidential pardon; prisoners’ rights; European Court of Human Rights; sentence review
The article examines conditional release, presidential pardon, and whole-life imprisonment in Hungary in light of European human-rights jurisprudence. It argues that the compulsory pardon procedure introduced after Magyar v. Hungary may still fail to provide an adequately timely, reasoned, and independent review.
NAGY, ANITA
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