Constitutional Law & Governance
Eleven Amendments to the Fundamental Law of Hungary and Their Justifications
Constitutional amendments; Fundamental Law of Hungary; constitutional identity; constituent power; legislative justification; constitutional discourse
The article reviews the first eleven amendments to Hungary’s Fundamental Law by analysing the official justifications provided by the constituent power. It identifies changing references to constitutional identity, historical traditions, political will, judicial decisions, European institutions, and contemporary crises.
SMUK, PÉTER
Demokratieinterpretierung auf der Ebene der EU und die rechtsschöpfende Tätigkeit von EuGH
Demokratiedefizit; Europäische Union; EuGH; richterliche Rechtsschöpfung; demokratische Legitimation; Juristokratie
Der Beitrag untersucht das Demokratiedefizit der Europäischen Union und die demokratische Legitimation ihrer Institutionen. Im Mittelpunkt stehen die rechtsfortbildende Tätigkeit des EuGH, richterliche Rechtsschöpfung und mögliche juristokratische Tendenzen.
HEGEDŐS, SOMA
The Constitution in Private Relations
Horizontal effect; fundamental rights; private relations; constitutional interpretation; anti-discrimination; Drittwirkung
The article examines the direct and indirect horizontal effect of constitutional rights in private legal relationships. Through comparative analysis, it evaluates how courts may protect fundamental rights against private actors, with particular attention to anti-discrimination law and Hungarian constitutional practice.
GÁRDOS-OROSZ, FRUZSINA
The Groundlines of the States Armed Defence and Its Evolution...
Armed defence; military governance; civilian control; defence constitution; state violence; Hungarian legal history
The article develops a systemic legal framework for the state’s armed-defence institutions and their control under the rule of law. It combines theoretical analysis with a historical examination of Hungarian military and defence regulation between 1867 and 1944.
FARKAS, ÁDÁM
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