Barriers to the Provision of Services and Justification
Freedom to provide services; freedom of establishment; Services Directive; internal market; proportionality; public interest
The article examines restrictions on the freedom of establishment and the cross-border provision of services under EU law. It analyses prohibited and reviewable requirements under the Services Directive, together with the public-interest and proportionality standards governing their justification.
KOVÁCS, ILDIKÓ
Critical Junctures in the Evolution of British Party Politics...
1974 general elections; British party politics; electoral dealignment; political pluralisation; hung parliament; Westminster system
The article analyses the 1974 British general elections as a critical juncture that ended the post-war dominance of two-party competition. It argues that electoral dealignment, third-party growth, regional nationalism, and systemic disproportionality initiated a lasting pluralisation of British politics.
KASZAP, MÁRTON
A Brief Critical Analysis of the Application of the Doctrine of Self-Determination...
Self-determination; Iraqi Kurds; secession; territorial integrity; federalism; statehood
The article examines whether Iraqi Kurds possess a legal right to self-determination or unilateral independence under international and Iraqi constitutional law. It concludes that the Kurdish Region already enjoys extensive internal self-determination, although a unilateral declaration of independence would not necessarily violate international law.
ZEBARI, DILDAR FRZENDA ZUBER
Rule of Law: Constitutional Interpretation in China
Constitutional interpretation; rule of law; Chinese constitutionalism; constitutional review; National People’s Congress; judicialization
The article examines the historical development and institutional practice of constitutional interpretation in China. It analyses the role of the National People’s Congress, the limited judicial application of constitutional provisions, and proposals for a clearer interpretation procedure and specialized constitutional body.
LU, DA
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